50 Basic Hiragana Words Everyone Needs to Know - Tap to Practice Instantly

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Learning Japanese doesnโ€™t have to start with dense textbooks or endless stroke drills. If you focus on simple hiragana words youโ€™ll actually hear every day, youโ€™ll start reading and speaking much faster.


Below is a curated, beginner-friendly guide to 50 basic hiragana wordsโ€”each with romaji and meaningโ€”plus tons of short, useful sentences and mini-dialogues you can copy, tweak, and use right away. Pair this with the interactive quiz at the top to lock it in.

Why start with simple hiragana words

Hiragana is the backbone of Japanese. These words are high-frequency, short, and packed with real utility. As you read, speak each word aloud and try the example sentences. Then remix them with new vocabulary to build confidence and fluency.

๐Ÿ—ฃ๏ธ Common Pronouns & People

  • ใ‚ใŸใ— (watashi) โ€“ I / me
    ใ‚ใชใŸ (anata) โ€“ you (singular)
    ใ‚ใชใŸใŸใก (anata-tachi) โ€“ you (plural)
    ใ‚ใŸใ—ใŸใก (watashi-tachi) โ€“ we
    ใ‹ใ‚Œ (kare) โ€“ he
    ใ‹ใฎใ˜ใ‚‡ (kanojo) โ€“ she
    ใ‹ใ‚Œใ‚‰ (kare-ra) โ€“ they (men/mixed)
    ใ‹ใฎใ˜ใ‚‡ใŸใก (kanojo-tachi) โ€“ they (women)
    ใใ‚Œ (sore) โ€“ it / that (thing)

Note: In natural Japanese, people often use a personโ€™s name + ใ•ใ‚“ (san) instead of โ€œyou.โ€

Basic Hiragana Words
Miyagi San

Example sentences (use anywhere)

  • ใ‚ใŸใ— ใฏ ใŒใใ›ใ„ ใงใ™ใ€‚
    Watashi wa gakusei desu. โ€“ I am a student.

  • ใ‚ใชใŸ ใฏ ใซใปใ‚“ใ” ใŒ ใ™ใ ใงใ™ ใ‹ใ€‚
    Anata wa nihongo ga suki desu ka? โ€“ Do you like Japanese?

  • ใ‹ใ‚Œ ใฏ ใพใ„ใซใก ใฏใŸใ‚‰ใใพใ™ใ€‚
    Kare wa mainichi hatarakimasu. โ€“ He works every day.

  • ใ‹ใฎใ˜ใ‚‡ ใฏ ใ‚Šใ‚‡ใ†ใ‚Š ใŒ ใ˜ใ‚‡ใ†ใš ใงใ™ใ€‚
    Kanojo wa ryouri ga jouzu desu. โ€“ She is good at cooking.

  • ใ‚ใŸใ—ใŸใก ใฏ ใจใ‚‚ใ ใก ใงใ™ใ€‚
    Watashitachi wa tomodachi desu. โ€“ We are friends.

  • ใฟใ‚“ใช ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†๏ผ
    Minna arigatou! โ€“ Thanks, everyone!

Quick pattern

[Person] ใฏ [Noun/Adjective] ใงใ™ใ€‚
Easy structure for โ€œX is Y.โ€ Replace freely:
ใ‚ใŸใ— ใฏ ใ’ใ‚“ใ ใงใ™ใ€‚(Watashi wa genki desu.) โ€“ Iโ€™m well.

๐Ÿ•’ Time & Day Words

  • ใใ‚‡ใ† (kyou) โ€“ today

  • ใ‚ใ—ใŸ (ashita) โ€“ tomorrow

  • ใใฎใ† (kinou) โ€“ yesterday

  • ใ„ใพ (ima) โ€“ now

  • ใ„ใค (itsu) โ€“ when

  • ใจใ (toki) โ€“ time / moment

Example sentences

  • ใใ‚‡ใ† ใฏ ใ„ใใŒใ—ใ„ ใงใ™ใ€‚
    Kyou wa isogashii desu. โ€“ Iโ€™m busy today.

  • ใ‚ใ—ใŸ ใŒใฃใ“ใ† ใซ ใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
    Ashita gakkou ni ikimasu. โ€“ Iโ€™ll go to school tomorrow.

  • ใใฎใ† ใฏ ใ‚„ใ™ใฟ ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
    Kinou wa yasumi deshita. โ€“ I had a day off yesterday.

  • ใ„ใพ ใฏใ‚“ ใซ ใ‚ใ„ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
    Ima han ni aimashou. โ€“ Letโ€™s meet at half past now (e.g., 12:30).

  • ใ„ใค ใ„ใใพใ™ ใ‹ใ€‚
    Itsu ikimasu ka? โ€“ When will you go?

  • ใฒใพ ใช ใจใ ใซ ใ‚ˆใฟใพใ™ใ€‚
    Hima na toki ni yomimasu. โ€“ I read when Iโ€™m free.

Basic Hiragana Word - School
x.com @ijcci_indojapan

Quick pattern

  • [Time word] + [Place] ใซ + [Verb]
    ใ‚ใ—ใŸ ใˆใ ใซ ใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚(Ashita eki ni ikimasu.) โ€“ Iโ€™ll go to the station tomorrow.

๐Ÿ  Everyday Objects & Places

  • ใ„ใˆ (ie) โ€“ house

  • ใใ‚‹ใพ (kuruma) โ€“ car

  • ใฆ (te) โ€“ hand

  • ใ‚ใ— (ashi) โ€“ leg / foot

  • ใฟใš (mizu) โ€“ water

  • ใ”ใฏใ‚“ (gohan) โ€“ meal / rice

  • ใฟใ› (mise) โ€“ shop

  • ใŒใฃใ“ใ† (gakkou) โ€“ school

Example sentences

  • ใ‚ใŸใ— ใฎ ใ„ใˆ ใฏ ใ“ใ“ ใงใ™ใ€‚
    Watashi no ie wa koko desu. โ€“ My house is here.

  • ใ‹ใ‚Œ ใฎ ใใ‚‹ใพ ใฏ ใŠใŠใใ„ ใงใ™ใ€‚
    Kare no kuruma wa ookii desu. โ€“ His car is big.

  • ใฆ ใ‚’ ใ‚ใ‚‰ใฃใฆ ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
    Te o aratte kudasai. โ€“ Please wash your hands.

  • ใ‚ใ— ใŒ ใ„ใŸใ„ ใงใ™ใ€‚
    Ashi ga itai desu. โ€“ My leg/foot hurts.

  • ใฟใš ใ‚’ ใฎใฟใพใ™ใ€‚
    Mizu o nomimasu. โ€“ I drink water.

  • ใใ‚‡ใ† ใฎ ใ”ใฏใ‚“ ใฏ ใŠใ„ใ—ใ„ ใงใ™ใ€‚
    Kyou no gohan wa oishii desu. โ€“ Todayโ€™s meal is delicious.

  • ใ‚ใฎ ใฟใ› ใฏ ใ™ใ ใงใ™ใ€‚
    Ano mise wa suki desu. โ€“ I like that shop.

  • ใŒใฃใ“ใ† ใซ ใ„ใใŸใ„ ใงใ™ใ€‚
    Gakkou ni ikitai desu. โ€“ I want to go to school.

Quick pattern

[Noun] ใ‚’ [Verb] (object marker ใ‚’ย o)
ใฟใš ใ‚’ ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚(Mizu o kudasai.) โ€“ Water, please.

๐Ÿ’ฌ Useful Verbs

  • ใ„ใ (iku) โ€“ to go

  • ใใ‚‹ (kuru) โ€“ to come

  • ใŸในใ‚‹ (taberu) โ€“ to eat

  • ใฎใ‚€ (nomu) โ€“ to drink

  • ใฟใ‚‹ (miru) โ€“ to see / watch

  • ใใ (kiku) โ€“ to listen / ask

  • ใฏใชใ™ (hanasu) โ€“ to speak

  • ใ™ใ‚‹ (suru) โ€“ to do

  • ใ‚ใ‚‹ (aru) โ€“ to exist (things)

  • ใ„ใ‚‹ (iru) โ€“ to exist (people/animals)

Example sentences

  • ใ„ใพ ใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
    Ima ikimasu. โ€“ Iโ€™m going now.

  • ใ‚ใ—ใŸ ใใฆ ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
    Ashita kite kudasai. โ€“ Please come tomorrow.

  • ใ„ใพ ใ”ใฏใ‚“ ใ‚’ ใŸในใ‚‹ใ€‚
    Ima gohan o taberu. โ€“ Iโ€™ll eat now. (casual)

  • ใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผ ใ‚’ ใฎใฟใพใ™ ใ‹ใ€‚
    Koohii o nomimasu ka? โ€“ Will you drink coffee?

  • ใˆใ„ใŒ ใ‚’ ใฟใ‚‹ ใฎ ใŒ ใ™ใ ใงใ™ใ€‚
    Eiga o miru no ga suki desu. โ€“ I like watching movies.

  • ใ›ใ‚“ใ›ใ„ ใฎ ใฏใชใ— ใ‚’ ใใใพใ™ใ€‚
    Sensei no hanashi o kikimasu. โ€“ I listen to the teacher.

  • ใซใปใ‚“ใ” ใ‚’ ใฏใชใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
    Nihongo o hanashimasu. โ€“ I speak Japanese.

  • ในใ‚“ใใ‚‡ใ† ใ‚’ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
    Benkyou o shimasu. โ€“ I study.

  • ใคใใˆ ใฎ ใ†ใˆ ใซ ใปใ‚“ ใŒ ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
    Tsukue no ue ni hon ga aru. โ€“ There is a book on the desk.

  • ใธใ‚„ ใซ ใ„ใฌ ใŒ ใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
    Heya ni inu ga iru. โ€“ Thereโ€™s a dog in the room.

Quick patterns

  • [Place] ใซ [thing] ใŒ ใ‚ใ‚‹ / [person/animal] ใŒ ใ„ใ‚‹

  • [Noun] ใ‚’ ใ™ใ‚‹ (common with study/sports: ใ‚ตใƒƒใ‚ซใƒผ ใ‚’ ใ™ใ‚‹ โ€“ to play soccer)

๐Ÿ’ก Adjectives & Descriptors

  • ใŠใŠใใ„ (ookii) โ€“ big

  • ใกใ„ใ•ใ„ (chiisai) โ€“ small

  • ใ‚ใŸใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ (atarashii) โ€“ new

  • ใตใ‚‹ใ„ (furui) โ€“ old

  • ใŸใ‹ใ„ (takai) โ€“ tall / expensive

  • ใ‚„ใ™ใ„ (yasui) โ€“ cheap / easy

  • ใŠใ„ใ—ใ„ (oishii) โ€“ delicious

  • ใฏใ‚„ใ„ (hayai) โ€“ fast / early

  • ใŠใใ„ (osoi) โ€“ slow / late

  • ใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใ„ (kawaii) โ€“ cute

Example sentences

  • ใŠใŠใใ„ ใ„ใˆ ใŒ ใปใ—ใ„ ใงใ™ใ€‚
    Ookii ie ga hoshii desu. โ€“ I want a big house.

  • ใกใ„ใ•ใ„ ใ‹ใฐใ‚“ ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
    Chiisai kaban desu ne. โ€“ Thatโ€™s a small bag, huh.

  • ใ‚ใŸใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ ใใ‚‹ใพ ใ‚’ ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
    Atarashii kuruma o katta. โ€“ I bought a new car.

  • ใ“ใฎ ใตใ‚‹ใ„ ใˆใ„ใŒ ใŒ ใ™ใใ€‚
    Kono furui eiga ga suki. โ€“ I like this old movie.

  • ใ“ใฎ ใ‚ณใƒผใƒˆ ใฏ ใŸใ‹ใ„ ใงใ™ใ€‚
    Kono kooto wa takai desu. โ€“ This coat is expensive.

  • ใ‚„ใ™ใ„ ใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒณ ใ‚’ ใ—ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ‹ใ€‚
    Yasui resutoran o shitte imasu ka? โ€“ Do you know a cheap restaurant?

  • ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ใจใฆใ‚‚ ใŠใ„ใ—ใ„๏ผ
    Kore wa totemo oishii! โ€“ This is very delicious!

  • ใฏใ‚„ใ„ ใใ‚‹ใพ ใŒ ใฌใ‘ใŸใ€‚
    Hayai kuruma ga nuketa. โ€“ A fast car passed by.

  • ใ˜ใ‹ใ‚“ ใซ ใŠใใ„ ใงใ™ใ€‚
    Jikan ni osoi desu. โ€“ Iโ€™m late.

  • ใใฎ ใ„ใฌ ใฏ ใ™ใ”ใ ใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใ„ใ€‚
    Sono inu wa sugoku kawaii. โ€“ That dog is super cute.

Quick pattern

[Adjective] + [Noun]
ใŠใ„ใ—ใ„ ใ”ใฏใ‚“ (oishii gohan) โ€“ delicious meal

๐Ÿ’ญ Common Particles & Connectors

  • ใฏ (wa) โ€“ topic marker

  • ใŒ (ga) โ€“ subject marker

  • ใ‚’ (o) โ€“ object marker

  • ใซ (ni) โ€“ location / direction marker

  • ใง (de) โ€“ place of action / means

  • ใ‹ใ‚‰ (kara) โ€“ from / because

  • ใพใง (made) โ€“ until / up to

  • ใจ (to) โ€“ and / with

  • ใ‚‚ (mo) โ€“ also

  • ใ‘ใฉ (kedo) โ€“ but

Micro-lesson + examples

  • ใฏ (wa) marks the topic:
    ใ‚ใŸใ— ใฏ ใŒใใ›ใ„ ใงใ™ใ€‚
    Watashi wa gakusei desu. โ€“ As for me, Iโ€™m a student.

  • ใŒ (ga) marks the subject/new info:
    ใใ“ ใซ ใญใ“ ใŒ ใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
    Soko ni neko ga iru. โ€“ Thereโ€™s a cat there.

  • ใ‚’ (o) marks the object:
    ใฟใš ใ‚’ ใฎใ‚€ใ€‚
    Mizu o nomu. โ€“ Drink water.

  • ใซ (ni) destination/time:
    ใŒใฃใ“ใ† ใซ ใ„ใใ€‚
    Gakkou ni iku. โ€“ Go to school.

  • ใง (de) place/means:
    ใ„ใˆ ใง ในใ‚“ใใ‚‡ใ† ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚
    Ie de benkyou suru. โ€“ Study at home.

  • ใ‹ใ‚‰ / ใพใง fromโ€ฆ / untilโ€ฆ:
    ใใ‚‡ใ† ใ‹ใ‚‰ ใ‚ใ—ใŸ ใพใง ใ‚„ใ™ใฟใ€‚
    Kyou kara ashita made yasumi. โ€“ Off from today until tomorrow.

  • ใจ with/and:
    ใ‹ใฎใ˜ใ‚‡ ใจ ใˆใ„ใŒ ใ‚’ ใฟใ‚‹ใ€‚
    Kanojo to eiga o miru. โ€“ Watch a movie with her.

  • ใ‚‚ also/too:
    ใ‚ใŸใ— ใ‚‚ ใ„ใใ€‚
    Watashi mo iku. โ€“ Iโ€™ll go, too.

  • ใ‘ใฉ but/however (softens):
    ใ„ใใŸใ„ ใ‘ใฉใ€ใ„ใใŒใ—ใ„ใ€‚
    Ikitai kedo, isogashii. โ€“ I want to go, but Iโ€™m busy.

Mini-dialogues with basic hiragana words you can reuse

At a cafรฉ

A: ใ„ใพใ€ใฟใš ใ‚’ ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
Ima, mizu o kudasai. โ€“ Water now, please.
B: ใฏใ„ใ€‚ใ”ใฏใ‚“ ใฏ ใฉใ† ใงใ™ ใ‹ใ€‚
Hai. Gohan wa dou desu ka? โ€“ Sure. How about a meal?
A: ใ„ใ„ ใงใ™ใ€‚ใŠใ„ใ—ใ„ ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ญ ใฏ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ‹ใ€‚
Ii desu. Oishii keeki wa arimasu ka? โ€“ Iโ€™m good. Do you have a tasty cake?
B: ใฏใ„ใ€ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
Hai, arimasu. โ€“ Yes, we do.

At school

A: ใ‚ใŸใ— ใฏ ใŒใฃใ“ใ† ใซ ใ„ใใ€‚ใ„ใฃใ—ใ‚‡ ใซ ใใ‚‹๏ผŸ
Watashi wa gakkou ni iku. Issho ni kuru? โ€“ Iโ€™m going to school. Want to come along?
B: ใ„ใพ ใฏ ใ„ใใŒใ—ใ„ ใ‘ใฉใ€ใ‚ใจใง ใ„ใใ€‚
Ima wa isogashii kedo, ato de iku. โ€“ Iโ€™m busy now, but Iโ€™ll go later.

Practice blueprint (copy this week after week)

ย 

Day 1: Pronouns & Particles

Say 10 sentences using ใ‚ใŸใ— / ใ‚ใชใŸ + ใฏ / ใ‚’ / ใซ.

  • ใ‚ใŸใ— ใฏ ใซใปใ‚“ใ” ใ‚’ ในใ‚“ใใ‚‡ใ† ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚
    Watashi wa nihongo o benkyou suru. โ€“ I study Japanese.

Day 2: Time + Verbs

Combine ใใ‚‡ใ† / ใ‚ใ—ใŸ / ใ„ใพ with ใ„ใ / ใใ‚‹ / ใŸในใ‚‹ / ใฎใ‚€.

  • ใใ‚‡ใ† ใฟใš ใ‚’ ใฎใ‚€ใ€‚
    Kyou mizu o nomu. โ€“ I drink water today.

Day 3: Places & Adjectives

Use ใŒใฃใ“ใ† / ใ„ใˆ / ใฟใ› + ใŠใŠใใ„ / ใกใ„ใ•ใ„ / ใ‚ใŸใ‚‰ใ—ใ„.

  • ใ‚ใŸใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ ใฟใ› ใซ ใ„ใใ€‚
    Atarashii mise ni iku. โ€“ Iโ€™ll go to a new shop.

Day 4: Mix & match

Write 5 mini-dialogues like the cafรฉ scene above. Keep them short and repeatable.

Day 5: Speed review

Quiz yourself on the 50 basic hiragana words. Speak each one aloud, then write one sentence for it.

Final nudge: make it stick

  • Speak out loud: sound + shape = memory.

  • Write one line a day with 2โ€“3 of todayโ€™s words.

  • Use the interactive quiz at the top to move from passive reading to active recall.

  • Keep it simple: short sentences beat long, complex ones at the beginner stage.

You now have a practical starter kit of simple hiragana wordsโ€”plus sentence patterns you can actually use. Keep cycling through these examples, swap in new nouns or adjectives, and youโ€™ll feel your reading and speaking confidence climb fast.


๐Ÿ‘‰ Ready? Tap the quiz at the top to practice these 50 words right now.