Antigua and Barbuda is a country in Caribbean. Its capital is Saint John's.
North America and its surrounding regions. The dot marks Saint John's; the mapped territory is highlighted in gold.
Natural Earth · locator mapAntigua and Barbuda consists of two main islands with noticeably different terrain. Antigua has hills, valleys and an indented coast, while Barbuda is much lower and includes extensive sandy shores and lagoon environments.
Sheltered bays and headlands create variety around Antigua. Barbuda’s low relief makes the boundary between land and sea particularly important, especially around its lagoon. Smaller islands add to the country’s wider coastal and marine setting.
The islands are warm throughout the year, with the sea moderating temperatures. Rainfall is seasonal and varies between the islands.
Rainfall is limited compared with some mountainous Caribbean islands. Reefs, mangroves and coastal wetlands support marine life and birds. Storm surges can have very different effects on a low island such as Barbuda than on Antigua’s higher terrain.
Red, with an inverted isosceles triangle in the center that spans the flag from top to bottom; the triangle contains three horizontal bands of black (top), light blue, and white, with a yellow rising sun in the black band
English is the official language, used in government and formal education.
Antiguan and Barbudan Creole varieties are widely used in everyday conversation. They are part of a wider English-based Caribbean Creole tradition, with local differences between communities and islands.
After Indigenous settlement, European colonization established a plantation economy based on enslaved African labor. Slavery was abolished in 1834. Constitutional changes and negotiations with Britain led to independence on 1 November 1981. Hurricane Irma severely damaged Barbuda in 2017.
Tourism and the construction and services that support it are major economic activities. Agriculture, fishing and business services also contribute. Limited freshwater and exposure to hurricanes affect development.
tourism, construction, light manufacturing (clothing, alcohol, household appliances)
Dated World Bank observations. Population uses selected years; real GDP uses all available annual observations.
Population estimates may be revised. Selected years are shown.
Sources: World Bank · Population
| Year | People | Thousands of people |
|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 64,528 | 64.528 |
| 1980 | 64,513 | 64.513 |
| 1990 | 63,066 | 63.066 |
| 2000 | 74,912 | 74.912 |
| 2010 | 85,320 | 85.320 |
| 2020 | 91,846 | 91.846 |
| 2025 | 94,209 | 94.209 |
Constant prices adjust for inflation. This is total economic output, not current-dollar GDP or income per person. Missing years are left as gaps.
Sources: World Bank · Real GDP
| Year | Constant 2015 US$ | Billions of constant 2015 US dollars |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 830,360,010 | 0.830 |
| 1991 | 848,435,720 | 0.848 |
| 1992 | 858,265,279 | 0.858 |
| 1993 | 903,580,714 | 0.904 |
| 1994 | 963,907,436 | 0.964 |
| 1995 | 921,883,147 | 0.922 |
| 1996 | 982,773,021 | 0.983 |
| 1997 | 1,036,543,047 | 1.037 |
| 1998 | 1,085,584,792 | 1.086 |
| 1999 | 1,125,835,518 | 1.126 |
| 2000 | 1,195,677,312 | 1.196 |
| 2001 | 1,141,296,595 | 1.141 |
| 2002 | 1,153,020,391 | 1.153 |
| 2003 | 1,223,085,251 | 1.223 |
| 2004 | 1,293,621,842 | 1.294 |
| 2005 | 1,377,366,903 | 1.377 |
| 2006 | 1,552,404,720 | 1.552 |
| 2007 | 1,697,014,056 | 1.697 |
| 2008 | 1,696,776,362 | 1.697 |
| 2009 | 1,493,793,051 | 1.494 |
| 2010 | 1,376,672,105 | 1.377 |
| 2011 | 1,349,706,642 | 1.350 |
| 2012 | 1,395,234,173 | 1.395 |
| 2013 | 1,386,849,062 | 1.387 |
| 2014 | 1,417,336,053 | 1.417 |
| 2015 | 1,437,485,185 | 1.437 |
| 2016 | 1,496,714,858 | 1.497 |
| 2017 | 1,537,316,640 | 1.537 |
| 2018 | 1,640,501,408 | 1.641 |
| 2019 | 1,692,541,753 | 1.693 |
| 2020 | 1,373,179,832 | 1.373 |
| 2021 | 1,485,407,940 | 1.485 |
| 2022 | 1,611,634,393 | 1.612 |
| 2023 | 1,673,932,146 | 1.674 |
| 2024 | 1,716,457,420 | 1.716 |
| 2025 | 1,802,246,649 | 1.802 |
The Human Development Index combines health, education and income. Scores range from 0 to 1.
The latest values refer to 2023. All historical scores use the same report edition. HDI does not describe every aspect of inequality or quality of life.
Sources: UNDP · Human Development Report 2025
A parliamentary constitutional monarchy. A Governor-General represents the monarch, a Prime Minister leads the government, and Parliament comprises an elected House of Representatives and an appointed Senate.
Three questions about Antigua and Barbuda.
Sources: CIA World Factbook · archived profile
Prepared 24 September 2026. World Bank series: SP.POP.TOTL (persons) and NY.GDP.MKTP.KD (constant 2015 US dollars); downloaded 24 September 2026, provider update 13 July 2026. UNDP values use the 2025 report and 2023 observation year. These are dated statistical snapshots, not live population or economic counters.
Maps use Natural Earth geographic data. Background geography, flag descriptions and selected historical facts use archived public-domain CIA World Factbook profiles, supplemented by the sources linked above. The Factbook is no longer updated; dated statistics here come from the separately named providers.
