Local time--:--:--Montpelier ·

U.S. States / Northeast · Card 045

Vermont

Vermont is a U.S. state in the Northeast. Its capital is Montpelier.

Find Vermont

● State capital · Gold highlights Vermont.
Map: Natural Earth. Neighboring states use postal abbreviations.

At a glance

Capital: Montpelier
Postal abbreviation: VT
Population: 644,663July 1, 2025 · Census estimate
Total area: 24,906 km²9,616 square miles · land and water
Statehood: March 4, 1791State number 14
Currency: U.S. dollar (USD)

Sources: Census · population · Census · area

Vermont in context

Gold shows Vermont. The dot marks Montpelier.

Alaska and Hawaii are shown in separate insets at different scales.

Geography & flag

Location

Neighboring states: Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York.

Landscape & places

Marsh-Billings-Rockefeller preserves a managed forest, farm landscape and a history of conservation in Woodstock.

Land and water

The total area includes 23,871 km² of land and 1,035 km² of water, according to Census area measurements.

State flag

The state coat of arms on a blue field, showing a pine tree, a cow and sheaves of grain.

Sources: Census · geographic reference · Census · area measurements · National Park Service · Marsh - Billings - Rockefeller

History & statehood

Vermont declared an independent government in 1777 while New York also claimed the area. After resolving that dispute, Vermont entered the Union in 1791. It was the first state admitted after the original thirteen.

1777
Independent government declared
1791
First state admitted after the original thirteen
March 4, 1791
Statehood · State number 14

Sources: Congressional Research Service · statehood · U.S. Census Bureau · historical geography · National Park Service

Economy

Main activities

In 2025, real estate and rental and leasing was the largest of the broad industry groups compared here by current-dollar output. Other major groups included educational services, health care, and social assistance, government and government enterprises, and professional and business services.

Total economic output was $48.4 billion in current dollars in 2025.

Largest industry groups · 2025

Real estate and rental and leasing: 13.6%
Educational services, health care, and social assistance: 13.2%
Government and government enterprises: 13.1%
Professional and business services: 12.2%

Share of total current-dollar GDP. These figures measure output, not employment.

Sources: BEA · annual GDP by state, SAGDP2

Population & economic trends

Population, 2020–2025

Thousands of people

644.662025 · thousands of people

July 1 resident population estimates, using the Census Bureau’s Vintage 2025 series.

Sources: U.S. Census Bureau

View data table

Population: source values
Year	People
2020	642,965
2021	647,238
2022	647,614
2023	647,722
2024	646,521
2025	644,663

Real GDP, 2010–2025

Billions of chained 2017 dollars

36.912025 · billions of chained 2017 dollars

Real GDP measures economic output adjusted for inflation. The chart uses BEA’s chained 2017 dollars.

Sources: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis

View data table

Real GDP: source values
Year	Millions of chained 2017 dollars
2010	30,890.6
2011	31,663.6
2012	31,898.1
2013	31,494.6
2014	31,847.7
2015	32,042.9
2016	32,312.7
2017	32,589.2
2018	32,827.8
2019	33,339.4
2020	32,408.7
2021	33,584.3
2022	34,915.9
2023	35,499.4
2024	36,398.9
2025	36,908.2

Government

Vermont has three branches of state government. The governor leads the executive branch. A Senate and House of Representatives form the legislature, which passes state laws and budgets. State courts interpret and apply the law.

Sources: USAGov · Vermont

Knowledge check

Three questions about Vermont.

QUESTION 1 OF 3

What is the capital of Vermont?

Sources & notes

Prepared 27 September 2026. Population: Census Bureau Vintage 2025, July 1 estimates for 2020–2025. Real GDP: BEA annual state accounts, SAGDP9, millions of chained 2017 dollars; industry shares: SAGDP2, current dollars. Data downloaded 27 September 2026. Area measurements include land and water.

Sources: Census · population estimates · BEA · state GDP · Census · area measurements · Natural Earth · map data

The capital clock shows current local time. Statistical figures are dated estimates and may be revised.