Belgium

Landscape

Belgium rises gradually from low North Sea coastal country toward higher terrain in the southeast. The north and centre include plains and rolling farmland. In the Ardennes, wooded hills and river valleys provide a more rugged landscape.

The coast has dunes and sandy beaches, while rivers such as the Meuse cut through inland uplands. Dense settlement and transport networks have transformed many lowland areas. Natural features and long-established human land use are closely intertwined.

Climate & seasons

Atlantic influence brings relatively mild winters, moderate summers and rain throughout the year. The southeastern uplands are cooler than the coastal plain.

Water & land use

A maritime climate brings rain throughout the year. Low coastal areas require careful drainage and flood management. Woodlands, river corridors and remaining wetlands provide habitat within a heavily cultivated and urbanized country.