01
Physical geography
Mostly mountains of volcanic origin.
Local timeSuva ·
Oceania / Melanesia · Card 007
Fiji
Fiji is a country in Melanesia. Its capital is Suva.
Find Fiji
● Capital · Gold highlights this card’s area.
Map: Natural Earth. Boundaries show geographic context, not a position on sovereignty. Small islands may use enlarged markers.
Map: Natural Earth. Boundaries show geographic context, not a position on sovereignty. Small islands may use enlarged markers.
At a glance
- Capital
- Suva
- Languages
- English & Fijian & Fiji Hindi
- Currency
- Fijian dollar (FJD)
- Population
- 933,1542025 · World Bank
- Area
- 18,272 km²7,054.86 square miles
- Independence
- 1970from the UK
Fiji in context
Oceania and its surrounding regions. The dot marks Suva; the mapped territory is highlighted in gold.
Natural Earth · locator mapGeography & languages
02
Languages
Languages used in public life include English, Fijian, Fiji Hindi.
03
Location
Oceania, island group in the South Pacific Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand.
Flag
Light blue with the UK flag in the upper-left quadrant and the Fijian shield centered on the right half of the flag; the shield shows a yellow lion holding a coconut above a white field quartered by the cross of Saint George; the four quarters depict sugarcane, a palm tree, a banana bunch, and a white dove
History & independence
Fiji’s history includes Indigenous chiefly states and, after British annexation in 1874, the arrival of indentured workers from India. It became independent through a negotiated transition in 1970. Coups in 1987 ended the monarchy and established a republic. Further coups disrupted civilian government, with elections resuming in 2014 after the 2006 military takeover.
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Fiji becomes a British colony
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Fiji becomes independent
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Coups are followed by the establishment of a republic
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National elections resume after military rule
Economy
Main activities
Tourism is a major source of foreign earnings and supports transport, accommodation and food services. Sugar production, agriculture, fisheries, bottled water and manufacturing also contribute. Cyclones, changes in visitor demand and imported fuel costs can strongly affect the economy.
Industry and production
Sugar milling, food and beverage production, garments, timber products, fisheries and tourism services.
Population & economic trends
Dated World Bank observations. Population uses selected years; real GDP uses all available annual observations.
Population, 1970–2025
Thousands of people933.22025 · thousands of people
Population estimates may be revised. Selected years are shown.
Sources: World Bank · Population
View data table
| Year | People | Thousands of people |
|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 531,188 | 531.188 |
| 1980 | 641,975 | 641.975 |
| 1990 | 773,316 | 773.316 |
| 2000 | 840,909 | 840.909 |
| 2010 | 910,419 | 910.419 |
| 2020 | 914,963 | 914.963 |
| 2025 | 933,154 | 933.154 |
Real GDP, 1990–2025
Billions of constant 2015 US dollars5.72025 · billions of constant 2015 US dollars
Constant prices adjust for inflation. This is total economic output, not current-dollar GDP or income per person. Missing years are left as gaps.
Sources: World Bank · Real GDP
View data table
| Year | Constant 2015 US$ | Billions of constant 2015 US dollars |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 2,640,835,882 | 2.641 |
| 1991 | 2,569,533,224 | 2.570 |
| 1992 | 2,726,274,791 | 2.726 |
| 1993 | 2,784,345,343 | 2.784 |
| 1994 | 2,926,346,907 | 2.926 |
| 1995 | 2,999,505,551 | 3.000 |
| 1996 | 3,143,481,853 | 3.143 |
| 1997 | 3,074,325,265 | 3.074 |
| 1998 | 3,114,291,482 | 3.114 |
| 1999 | 3,388,349,096 | 3.388 |
| 2000 | 3,330,747,237 | 3.331 |
| 2001 | 3,397,362,191 | 3.397 |
| 2002 | 3,506,077,734 | 3.506 |
| 2003 | 3,541,138,476 | 3.541 |
| 2004 | 3,728,818,846 | 3.729 |
| 2005 | 3,754,920,563 | 3.755 |
| 2006 | 3,824,479,849 | 3.824 |
| 2007 | 3,791,946,783 | 3.792 |
| 2008 | 3,831,109,770 | 3.831 |
| 2009 | 3,778,009,151 | 3.778 |
| 2010 | 3,889,636,956 | 3.890 |
| 2011 | 3,994,857,171 | 3.995 |
| 2012 | 4,051,237,156 | 4.051 |
| 2013 | 4,243,031,650 | 4.243 |
| 2014 | 4,480,790,522 | 4.481 |
| 2015 | 4,682,479,894 | 4.682 |
| 2016 | 4,796,997,058 | 4.797 |
| 2017 | 5,053,797,789 | 5.054 |
| 2018 | 5,246,466,296 | 5.246 |
| 2019 | 5,215,934,664 | 5.216 |
| 2020 | 4,319,652,692 | 4.320 |
| 2021 | 4,131,922,228 | 4.132 |
| 2022 | 4,865,137,074 | 4.865 |
| 2023 | 5,324,525,626 | 5.325 |
| 2024 | 5,512,527,116 | 5.513 |
| 2025 | 5,688,678,191 | 5.689 |
Human development
The Human Development Index combines health, education and income. Scores range from 0 to 1.
HDI · 20230.731High human developmentRank 111 of 193 · 2025 report
Human Development Index over time
19900.629
20000.668
20100.697
20200.718
20230.731
67.3 yearsLife expectancy at birth
10.4 yearsMean schooling, adults aged 25+
The latest values refer to 2023. All historical scores use the same report edition. HDI does not describe every aspect of inequality or quality of life.
Sources: UNDP · Human Development Report 2025
Government
A parliamentary republic. A President is head of state, a Prime Minister leads the government, and the elected Parliament has one chamber.
Knowledge check
Three questions about Fiji.
QUESTION 1 OF 3
Which activity is a major source of Fiji’s foreign earnings?
Sources & notes
Sources: CIA World Factbook · archived profile
Prepared 24 September 2026. World Bank series: SP.POP.TOTL (persons) and NY.GDP.MKTP.KD (constant 2015 US dollars); downloaded 24 September 2026, provider update 13 July 2026. UNDP values use the 2025 report and 2023 observation year. These are dated statistical snapshots, not live population or economic counters.
Maps use Natural Earth geographic data. Background geography, flag descriptions and selected historical facts use archived public-domain CIA World Factbook profiles, supplemented by the sources linked above. The Factbook is no longer updated; dated statistics here come from the separately named providers.