Dominica is a country in Caribbean. Its capital is Roseau.
North America and its surrounding regions. The dot marks Roseau; the mapped territory is highlighted in gold.
Natural Earth · locator mapDominica is a steep, volcanic Caribbean island with a mountainous interior. Rivers descend through forested valleys toward a relatively narrow coast. Flat land is limited, which strongly influences where settlements and roads can be built.
Rainforest covers much of the upland landscape. The Boiling Lake and other geothermal features show that volcanic heat remains active beneath the island. Waterfalls and deep gorges reflect the combination of heavy rainfall and steep terrain.
Dominica is warm and humid, with abundant rainfall. Mountain terrain creates wetter windward slopes and cooler conditions at higher elevations.
High rainfall supports lush vegetation and numerous streams. Conditions become cooler with elevation. Intense storms can quickly raise river levels and trigger landslides, so mountain and coastal environments are closely connected.
Green with a centered cross of three equal bands in yellow, black, and white; in the center of the cross is a red disk with a Sisserou parrot surrounded by 10 five-pointed green stars edged in yellow
Dense vegetation covers much of Dominica’s wet upland landscape.
Photo: Paul Harrison · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons
The steaming lake reveals the island’s geothermal activity.
Photo: No machine-readable author provided. Pembo13 assumed (based on copyright claims). · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
English is the official language. Dominican Kwéyòl, a French-based Creole, is an important language of everyday life and cultural expression.
The island’s Kalinago heritage is also central to its identity, although the ancestral Kalinago language is not widely spoken today.
Kalinago resistance delayed European control of Dominica. France and Britain contested the island before British rule became established. Internal self-government began in 1967, followed by negotiated independence as a republic on 3 November 1978. Hurricane Maria caused widespread destruction in 2017.
Agriculture, tourism, construction and public services support the economy. Banana production has historical importance, while nature-based tourism draws on the island’s forests, mountains and volcanic landscape. Hurricanes can disrupt both farming and infrastructure.
soap, coconut oil, tourism, copra, furniture, cement blocks, shoes
Dated World Bank observations. Population uses selected years; real GDP uses all available annual observations.
Population estimates may be revised. Selected years are shown.
Sources: World Bank · Population
| Year | People | Thousands of people |
|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 68,908 | 68.908 |
| 1980 | 73,083 | 73.083 |
| 1990 | 69,627 | 69.627 |
| 2000 | 68,511 | 68.511 |
| 2010 | 68,859 | 68.859 |
| 2020 | 67,573 | 67.573 |
| 2025 | 65,871 | 65.871 |
Constant prices adjust for inflation. This is total economic output, not current-dollar GDP or income per person. Missing years are left as gaps.
Sources: World Bank · Real GDP
| Year | Constant 2015 US$ | Billions of constant 2015 US dollars |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 385,516,275 | 0.386 |
| 1991 | 390,712,145 | 0.391 |
| 1992 | 398,641,309 | 0.399 |
| 1993 | 407,257,628 | 0.407 |
| 1994 | 407,398,040 | 0.407 |
| 1995 | 419,745,728 | 0.420 |
| 1996 | 432,775,457 | 0.433 |
| 1997 | 442,234,316 | 0.442 |
| 1998 | 458,925,259 | 0.459 |
| 1999 | 460,550,210 | 0.461 |
| 2000 | 471,328,096 | 0.471 |
| 2001 | 471,027,184 | 0.471 |
| 2002 | 456,484,594 | 0.456 |
| 2003 | 482,983,317 | 0.483 |
| 2004 | 502,775,185 | 0.503 |
| 2005 | 507,377,018 | 0.507 |
| 2006 | 529,705,538 | 0.530 |
| 2007 | 558,086,830 | 0.558 |
| 2008 | 597,829,935 | 0.598 |
| 2009 | 591,040,073 | 0.591 |
| 2010 | 590,415,870 | 0.590 |
| 2011 | 590,668,208 | 0.591 |
| 2012 | 589,738,544 | 0.590 |
| 2013 | 589,765,106 | 0.590 |
| 2014 | 603,537,404 | 0.604 |
| 2015 | 583,177,778 | 0.583 |
| 2016 | 591,617,792 | 0.592 |
| 2017 | 546,983,994 | 0.547 |
| 2018 | 563,196,658 | 0.563 |
| 2019 | 585,432,211 | 0.585 |
| 2020 | 493,481,872 | 0.493 |
| 2021 | 520,030,399 | 0.520 |
| 2022 | 574,096,960 | 0.574 |
| 2023 | 595,064,187 | 0.595 |
| 2024 | 607,279,298 | 0.607 |
| 2025 | 625,816,120 | 0.626 |
The Human Development Index combines health, education and income. Scores range from 0 to 1.
The latest values refer to 2023. All historical scores use the same report edition. HDI does not describe every aspect of inequality or quality of life.
Sources: UNDP · Human Development Report 2025
A parliamentary republic with a President as head of state, a Prime Minister heading government and a single-chamber House of Assembly.
Three questions about Dominica.
Sources: CIA World Factbook · archived profile
Prepared 24 September 2026. World Bank series: SP.POP.TOTL (persons) and NY.GDP.MKTP.KD (constant 2015 US dollars); downloaded 24 September 2026, provider update 13 July 2026. UNDP values use the 2025 report and 2023 observation year. These are dated statistical snapshots, not live population or economic counters.
Maps use Natural Earth geographic data. Background geography, flag descriptions and selected historical facts use archived public-domain CIA World Factbook profiles, supplemented by the sources linked above. The Factbook is no longer updated; dated statistics here come from the separately named providers.
